一、背景介绍

　　英语口语能力的提高是一个长期而艰苦的过程，不仅需要学习，更需要练习。和听力与阅读不同，口语和写作都需要输出。但是如果只是不断地做输出练习，对于口语的提升也是有限的。因为，没有了输入的支撑，那么，反复的输出最终导致的结果就是很熟练的给出一些不地道甚至错误的表达，也就是将错误强化了。因此，口语水平从根本上的提升还需要大量的阅读和听力作为保证。阅读和听力一方面可以拓宽自己的知识面和掌握更精准、更地道的词汇和词组，另一方面，还可以帮助自己定位和发现自身存在的不足与错误。

　　听力和口语同时进行，最好的方法就是跟读训练，跟读的好处在于：第一，可以提高训练者的听力水平，因为跟读的前提是听懂，至少是听清楚每个单词的发音；第二，可以纠正和培养训练者的发音和语感，当然这取决所选择英语听力材料的纯正性——地道的英式或美式英语；第三，可以提高训练者的口语水平。所以，做跟读训练是一种事半功倍一石三鸟的方法。

　　在当今的音像市场上，针对于雅思口语考试的听力材料并不十分丰富，更缺乏权威的材料，所以，雅思考生可以尝试另外一种阅读和口语相结合的方式。阅读与口语的同时训练，方法有两个，一种是背诵；另外一种是复述。下面专家将就这两种方式做一些对比分析。

　　二、问题分析和解决思路

　　无庸置疑，中国的雅思考生记忆能力相对来说还是比较强的。为了巩固基础英语，很多考生选择背诵经典教材《新概念》系列，尤其是第二册和第三册两本教材。背诵文章对于整体英语水平的帮助是显而易见的，但是对于口语单项来说，可能效果就比较局限了。

　　究其原因，背诵本身就是一个比较机械的反复加深印象的过程，即使对背诵的内容不熟悉或者不理解都可以做到整篇流利的背诵。长此以往，尽管有海量的背诵材料做基础，考生也很难将这些材料在短暂的时间内灵活的发挥出来。背诵的结果可能仅仅是文字和内容上的拓展，而不是最终能力上的飞跃。

　　与之相比，我们所要求的复述可能要略胜一筹。复述的前提是对于文字材料的理解，我们的大脑在理解的过程中，会将抽象的文字转化为图形、影像或者一个过程、流程，是一个有人物、地点、事物的场景。而这个场景是可以脱离文字而独立存在的，也是可以用任何不同的语言表现出来的。比如，我们可以尝试着去想象这样一个画面：你和一个朋友漫步在伦敦的街头，欣赏这个美丽繁华的都市，突然间朋友晕倒了，你需要立即送他去医院。或者，想象这样的一个画面：You and one of your friends are walking along a big street in London enjoying the beauty of the city. Suddenly, your friend passed out, you need to send him to the hospital immediately. 无论，是英文的还是中文的表达，我们想象出来的场景应该是十分相似的。我们刚才想象出来的画面，就是我们对于文字的理解。复述的过程包含三个步骤：首先，逐字逐句的扫描和阅读抽象的文字，可能有部分文字或者句型我们不太理解，但是根据前后文进行逻辑推理，我们依然能够明白文字的主要内容；然后，我们将能够理解的部分转化为场景；最后，我们用自己能够驾驭的单词以声音的形式将内容再现。

　　我们上初高中的时候，为了应试背过很多文言文或者诗词歌赋，背诵过一次，是否就能保证过一段时间依然可以熟记于心？我们小时候为其他同学讲的童话故事，我们只要讲过一篇，是否还可以保证在下一次继续讲给其他人听？显然，后者更容易一些。因为，复述不只是内容和知识上的扩充，更是能力上的提高。

　　三、解决方法

　　复述练习无疑是一个可以有效提升口语能力的方法，接下来，考生要注意材料的选择。有些人喜欢模仿经典，比如马丁路德金或者肯尼迪的演讲，我们必须要肯定对能力提升的作用，但是我们还要注意，这对考试成绩的提高可能帮助不大，因此，专家建议考生们尽量选择雅思口语考试的素材进行练习。

　　练习时间：不低于24小时（以分钟为单位累加计算）。3小时/天，即8天；1小时/天，即24天；半小时/天，48天；时间不确定或者无法坚持的同学，还是坚定不移的飘过吧！推荐每天练习1-3个小时；

　　练习方法：

　　1. 读一遍文章中给出的句子，如有不认识的单词，请查阅相关工具，确保理解句子的含义，这也是增加自己词汇量的一个很好的途径。

　　2. 将本书合起或者将目光移至别处或者将双眼闭起。

　　3. 回忆刚才所看到的句子，用自己的语言，当然是英语，把它说出来。

　　4. 查看原句，对比自己说的和原句是否在句子含义上是一致的。

　　5. 如果对这个句子含义的表述已经很准确了，那么加快自己说这句话时的语速，和正常阅读时候的速度差不多。

　　6. 如果这个句子的练习，您已经很满意了，那么请对下一个句子进行练习，直到结束。如果有兴趣的话，可以任意找一些其他的英文句子，以同样的方法做强化训练。

　　注意事项：

　　1. 在把这个句子表述完成之前，一定不要看原句。

　　2. 你可以把句子表达的不完整或不准确，但是在把这个句子表述完成之前，一定不要看原句。

　　3. 你甚至可以句子说的与原来的含义南辕北辙，但是在把这个句子表述完成之前，一定不要看原句。

　　4. 不要试图把句子背下来，看一遍即可。

　　训练材料：

　　1. I didn't really have many toys when I was a little boy, the only one I can remember is my plastic toy gun which could be loaded with water and shoot water as bullet. I bought it from the grocery store by myself without permission from my parents. Unfortunately, I did not even have a chance to possess it for a day. When I returned home with it in hand, my mother questioned me how did I get it. I told her I bought it myself, then, she got angry and shouted at me as she thought it was useless and, as a student, I was supported to spend more time and focus on the study rather than playing toys. Finally, she forced me to sent it back to the store and got the money back, even though I was quite reluctant to do so. For a very long time, I could not understand my mom, for I felt she was too strict on me. But, as a grown-up, I realize that whatever my parents did were all for my own good.

　　在我小的时候，我并没有很多的玩具，我现在唯一能记得的就是一把塑料手枪，我可以把水灌到枪里面，然后用它来喷水。我没有事先问爸爸和妈妈就跑到杂货铺去买了。不幸的是，等我到家以后，妈妈看到我手里面的水枪问我哪里弄来的。我告诉她我自己买的。妈妈很生气还骂了我，因为她认为学生应该以学业为重不应该每天都想着玩。最后，虽然我很不情愿，但是她还是让我把水枪退回去。很长的一段时间里，我都不能理解她，我觉得她对我太过于严格了。但是，现在作为一个成人，我渐渐明白了不管父母做了什么，其实他们都是为了我的将来考虑。

　　2. Owning a car is not only convenient for commuting, but also it becomes a symbol of social status. So if I could buy a car, the first choice will be Land Rover. It earns its worldwide reputation by its high quality as one of the most reliable vehicles. The manufacturer are mostly focusing on the SUV which could meet the various needs of owner. Either driving in the cities or in the mountain area, the drivers can always enjoy a pleasant journey and arrive home safely. Because it is very spacy inside, the driver could stretch arms and legs after a long time driving to get relaxed. Besides, the space is enough, even if lots of luggages are loaded in the truck. Of course, it costs an arm and a leg and it is not fuel efficient, still, I believe that it is worthy.

　　拥有一辆车不只方便了上下班，而且也象征着车主的社会地位。如果我可以买一辆车的话，我的首选就是路虎。路虎因为良好的性能在全世界内享有声誉，是最值得信赖的车之一。制造商专注于SUV, 因为这种车型可以更好的满足人们的多种需求。不管是在市区还是在山路，车主都可以度过一个愉快的路途并且安全到家。车子的内部空间很大，在长途旅行时司机可以在座位上伸伸腿活动一下缓解疲劳。除此以外，即使车上放了很多的行李，车上的空间仍然是足够的。当然，买车的花费不菲，而且也不省油，但是我相信还是值得拥有。

　　3. My favourite movie is definitely "Brave Heart". I watched this movie for more than five times, each time I learned different things from it. The first time I noticed the movie when I was taking a break during a night class in the second year of college. I realized that a movie was shown in the classroom nearby while the sound stereo attracted me to check it out. I entered the classroom and stood still astonished by the fantastic performance of the hero——William Wallace. Firstly I was amazed by the scene of the film which seemed to be real, and then moved by what William did for his country and people, especially the last screaming,"Freedom". I almost bursted into tears. From that moment I realized that there were still a big gap between the movie produced in China and those produced in Hollywood.

　　我最喜欢的电影毫无疑问是《勇敢的心》。这部电影我看了不止五次，每一次我都能学到新的东西。我第一次看这部电影的时候还在读大学二年级，一次在晚课休息的时候，我听到隔壁的教室有声音传出来，我意识到可能在放电影。我进入那个教室，站在教室的后面一动不动被主角威廉姆的表演所吸引。刚开始我被电影的真实感所震撼，随后又因为威廉姆为他的祖国和人民的付出而陷入了深深的感动，尤其是他最后的呐喊“自由”，我差点就哭出来。也是从那时起，我意识到国产电影和好莱坞大片之间还是存在着很大的差距的。

　　4. If I could have one day off, it will be a great opportunity for me to visit my college roommates. I studied in the capital of China, the beautiful city Peking, where I had lived for four years. I really had a happy and unforgettable time, as I learned a lot from both teachers and classmates and tried different tasty food from all over the country. All my roommates are excellent, we had four people in our dorm, of course, including me. After graduation, we all went oversea, and we never got together in seven years. Even we could just had a dinner and then play cards overnight, I will deeply appreciate it.

　　如果我可以有一天用来自由支配，我很希望可以与我的大学舍友重聚一下。我在中国的首都一个美丽的城市北京上学，我在那里生活了4年。那是一段很开心并且难忘的日子，因为我不但从老师和同学身上学到了很多东西，而且也尝遍了来自全国各地的美食。我的舍友们都很优秀，我们四个人住一间宿舍。毕业以后，我们都出国了，并且在毕业后的七年时间里都没有机会再聚。即使我们仅仅在一起吃个晚饭，然后再通宵打一次牌，我也会很珍惜的。

　　5. I watched a movie called "The pursuit of happyness" two years ago when I was in the third year of college. It tells about a man, Chris, who is played by a famous black actor, Will Smith. Chris was a salesman facing the problem of bankrupt and divorce, after a long time struggle, he still did not make him life better. At his worst time, he even was living in the street with his son. However, he never gave up and always tried his best to grasp every opportunity coming to him. Finally, he made it. He became one of the best investment manager in a big corporation. I believe anyone who has watched the movie will definitely be moved and inspired by Chris. Anytime when I had trouble, I would remember him and encourage myself to insist on what I was dreaming of till I got succeeded.

　　两年前在我上大三的时候我看了一部电影《当幸福来敲门》。电影讲述一个黑人克里斯的故事。克里斯由著名黑人明星威尔史密斯出演，克里斯是一个面临破产和离婚困境的男人，尽管他在很长一段时间内都很努力，但是他仍然没能改变自己的生活。在他最艰苦的时候，他带着儿子流浪在街头。不过，他从未放弃并且尽量去抓住生活中的每一次机会。最终，他成功了，他成为一个大公司里最好的投资经理。我相信任何看过这部电影的人都会被他感动和激励。每当我遇到困难的时候，我都会想起他并且鼓励自己坚持自己的理想直到成功为止。