从语法中的词法知识,我们知道名词前通常有形容词进行修饰,例如剑桥真题第五套test2的23题(learning______vocabulary),我们可以用名词vocabulary 进行定位且可预测填空词为形容词,这样在听音时,当听到vocabulary 前的修饰形容词时便可知为答案词汇。再者,动词与名词通常构成动宾结构,介词与名词通常构成介宾结构。例如在剑桥真题第六套test1的32题,(New technology allowed the production of goods made of _______and _______),其中的 of为介词,推测答案词为名词。总之,雅思听力中的答案词汇多为形容词或名词,考生应加强次两类词汇的积累,掌握相关词法知识,有所侧重。
一是语态的转换,尤其是主动语态与被动语态的转换。例如在剑桥真题第六套test1的34题(Construction of facilities of the building of _______stimulated international trade) , 录音原文 :In the sixteenth century, the first dock was dug where ships were constructed, eventually making the East End the focus of massive international trade. 这里的 ships were constructed 和 construction of ships 就是语态上的转换。
二是一定的句法知识尤其是定语从句与形容词单词的转换也是考察的一个小方面。例如在雅思剑桥真题第七套test4的第38题,(Our ability to detect glutamate makes sense because it is so ______naturally.)录音:It does make perfect evolutionary sense that we should have the ability to detect or taste glutamate because it is the amino acid which is most common in natural food. 这里的 common 和定语从句 which is most common 就是形容词与定语从句的句法转化考察。由此可见将形容词改写成定语从句的句法知识也是雅思听力必备的语法知识。
3 雅思听力语法知识——逻辑
在信息填写的题目中,往往涉及部分语法的逻辑考点,考生应提防此类陷阱题目。例如用了rather than, instead 等词汇对上文进行否定或者连词诸如but, in fact, however对上文进行推翻。例如剑桥真题第六套test 1第18题(starting time:______)录音原文:We used to start our performance at 7.30, but that made it difficult for people to go home by public transport, so instead we are beginning at 7, because at....... 这里的but , instead 词汇的出现都是对前文的内容推翻。