先来10组经典雅思阅读同义替换，大家自我检测一下是否都知道？
1. resemble = look like
2. self-confidence=assertiveness,confidence
3. rainfall=precipitation
4. reproduce=propagation,fertilisation
5. originate from=derive from
6. alternative=substitute=replacement
7. surrender=give in ,yield
8. halt= stop
9. independence=self-sufficiency=self-reliance
10. field=domain=territory=industry=sector
上面的同义替换方式应该是同学们最熟悉的，也是考试中最常见的同义替换的方式之一。但是，你以为雅思考官们的同义替换就只有这种简单粗暴的方式吗？很多选择类的题目（包括headings和选择题等），你做地不正确，只是因为不熟悉。
如：
题目：Children of average ability seem to need more direction from teachers because they do not have _______.
原文：There appears to be a qualitative difference in the way the intellectually highly able think, compared with more average-ability or older pupils, for whom external regulation by the teacher often compensates for lack of internal regulation.
这个题目原文的句子对于有些考生来讲，应该难度挺难，不太好理解，但是，只要你注意并且识别同义替换， do not have= lack of，这样就可以做出答案了，答案是：internal regulation.
举例1：关于一件事情或观点，95%的人agree， 5%的disagree。 如果要改写，这句话，怎么改呢？如果你能这样改：The majority of people agree..., 说明你的词汇量还是很不错的。但是，雅思考官的雅思语言很可能是这样呈现的: The overwhelming consensus is that....
关于consensus，我们阅读班的词汇串讲讲过，这个单词从后往前看：us(我们)+sense(感觉，感知)+con(一致；一起)：就是共识的意思。也就是：压倒性的共识是...
举例2：关于一个发展变化：such developments have been criticised as..., but the success of other similar development suggests that the majority of the public does not share this opinion.
如果要改写这句话，你认为雅思语言会是怎样呢？请闭上眼睛思考几秒，雅思考官是这样改写的：Mixed views on the the change... 这里的mixed views到下次改写的时候，还有可能被考官改写成：conflicting views, 或是 opposing views about sth.
举例3：原文： We may envy geniuses’ achievement and fame, but we should also recognize the price they have paid in terms of perseverance, single-mindedness, dedication, restrictions on their personal lives, the demands upon their energies and time, and how often they had to display great courage to preserve their integrity or to make their way to the top.
你以为考官在改写的时候，会一个词一个词的把上面的句子都改写一遍吗？当然不会，你以为雅思考官傻吗？雅思考官的“雅思语言”直接这样：Geniuses often pay a high price to achieve greatness. 这是一种类似summary样的同义替换方式。
雅思语言不熟悉，也是做题时有些考生定位不准而导致做题错误的原因。如：California has replaced a range of firefighting tools. (判断题)
这个判断题很多考生判断为NOT GIVEN，因为考生在文中读烂也没有发现tools这个词，就判断为NG。但是文中，其实有对应点，雅思语言是这样呈现的：California state promises to provide more up-to-date engines, planes, and helicopters to fight fires have been fulfilled.题目中的firefighting tools其实考官同义替换了engines, planes, and helicopters 这些可以灭火的工具，这是一种上下义词之间的同义替换，雅思语言的这个特点，你掌握了吗？
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